- Ann M.
Science and Technology in the 70s first began with the landing on the moon by Apollo 11 in the beginning of the decade in 1969 by Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin. This mission to the moon paved the way for the expansion of the space program; The US sent probes to other planets, we set up a space station to orbit around earth and the peak of our ambitious space exploration was reached the voyager program which consisted of Voyager 1, 2 and the voyager golden record, these expeditions were sent to other planets. The popularity of the television made it possible for American citizens to be updated on the technological advances. Some of the scientific developments began when some scientists switched their focus to fossils. Scientist began to search for clues of the beginning of life and they also extended these searches into the seas and the deep oceans. These searches lead to the discovery of new, previously undiscovered animals. Seeing the earth from outer space, underground and under the sea brought awareness to the damage that was being done to the planet from toxic waste, chemicals, pesticides and industrial waste. People began to rally to stop further damage to the planet and the government eventually put a ban on toxic chemicals. Science in the 70s was an eye opener for the American people because it was becoming more common for scientific discoveries to be made public.
Science and Technology in the 70s first began with the landing on the moon by Apollo 11 in the beginning of the decade in 1969 by Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin. This mission to the moon paved the way for the expansion of the space program; The US sent probes to other planets, we set up a space station to orbit around earth and the peak of our ambitious space exploration was reached the voyager program which consisted of Voyager 1, 2 and the voyager golden record, these expeditions were sent to other planets. The popularity of the television made it possible for American citizens to be updated on the technological advances. Some of the scientific developments began when some scientists switched their focus to fossils. Scientist began to search for clues of the beginning of life and they also extended these searches into the seas and the deep oceans. These searches lead to the discovery of new, previously undiscovered animals. Seeing the earth from outer space, underground and under the sea brought awareness to the damage that was being done to the planet from toxic waste, chemicals, pesticides and industrial waste. People began to rally to stop further damage to the planet and the government eventually put a ban on toxic chemicals. Science in the 70s was an eye opener for the American people because it was becoming more common for scientific discoveries to be made public.
Another technological advancement from the 1970s was the increase in the use of Personal Computers. Personal computers became a common house hold item in the 70s because of the many innovations that improved the way they were used. Many companies were involved in the improvement of the PC but two companies stood out, Microsoft and Apple. After IBM (International Business Machines) released their business computers with their personalized software, their sales of personal computers rose 65%. Another company that contributed to the rise of the PC was Intel. In the early 1960s Intel re designed the microchip used in calculators and created one chip that could process as much data as could fill a room. By 1971 Intel began to sell their computer chip for $200 for the first time the computer chip was available and affordable to everyday people. By 1975 Altair come out with the first home computer based upon the Intel chip, this computer cost only $397 but it did not have a keyboard or a screen. After the release of the Altair computer, partners Bill Gates and Paul Allen wrote an interpreter for the computer. I was the program written for PCs called the Basic All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code (BASIC). They formed a partnership called Microsoft, they went on to release other programming languages like FORTRAN and COBOL which made them the leading distributors for PC languages. In 1975 Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak set out to produce reasonably prices personal computers. In 1976 they started the Apple computer company and released their first computer, the Apple I. This unit was merely just a circuit keyboard that needed to be hooked up to a television. Jobs was not satisfied, he wanted a unit that included a keyboard, a screen and a central processing unit and in 1977, the Apple II was born. Apple went on to release the Lisa in ’79 and the Macintosh in 1984.
Nobel Peace Prize Awards in Science and Technology.
1971
Earl W. Sutherland, Jr., wins the Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine for work on the action of hormones.
1972
Christian Boehmer Anfinsen, Stanford Moore, and William H. Stein, share the Nobel Prize for chemistry for "fundamental contributions to enzyme chemistry."
John Bardeen, Leon N. Cooper, and John R. Schrieffer win the Nobel Prize for physics for the development of the theory of superconductivity.
1974
Paul J. Flory wins the Nobel Prize for chemistry for his studies of long-chain molecules.
1975
L. James Rainwater of the United States and Ben Mottelson and Aage Bohr of Denmark win the Nobel Prize for physics for work toward understanding of the atomic nucleus that paved the way for nuclear fusion.
1976
Burton Richter and Samuel C. C. Ting, win the Nobel Prize for physics for the parallel identification of a new class of subatomic particles, psi, or J.
1977
Philip Warren Anderson and John Hasbrouck Van Vleck of the United States, and Sir Nevill Francis Mott of England share the Nobel Prize for physics—Mott and Anderson for research on amorphous semi-conductors, Van Vleck for work on the magnetic properties of atoms.
1978
Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson of the United States and Pyotr L. Kapitsa of the Soviet Union share the Nobel Prize for physics, the Americans for their discovery of microwave background, providing support for the big bang theory, and Kapitsa for work in low-temperature physics.
1979
English-American chemist Herbert C. Brown and German George Wittig win the Nobel Prize for chemistry for work on the introduction of compounds of boron and phosphorus in the synthesis of organic substances.
Steven Weinberg and Sheldon Glashow of the United States and Abdus Salam of Pakistan win the Nobel Prize for physics for establishing a link between electromagnetism and the weak force of radioactive decay
Source
1971
Earl W. Sutherland, Jr., wins the Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine for work on the action of hormones.
1972
Christian Boehmer Anfinsen, Stanford Moore, and William H. Stein, share the Nobel Prize for chemistry for "fundamental contributions to enzyme chemistry."
John Bardeen, Leon N. Cooper, and John R. Schrieffer win the Nobel Prize for physics for the development of the theory of superconductivity.
1974
Paul J. Flory wins the Nobel Prize for chemistry for his studies of long-chain molecules.
1975
L. James Rainwater of the United States and Ben Mottelson and Aage Bohr of Denmark win the Nobel Prize for physics for work toward understanding of the atomic nucleus that paved the way for nuclear fusion.
1976
Burton Richter and Samuel C. C. Ting, win the Nobel Prize for physics for the parallel identification of a new class of subatomic particles, psi, or J.
1977
Philip Warren Anderson and John Hasbrouck Van Vleck of the United States, and Sir Nevill Francis Mott of England share the Nobel Prize for physics—Mott and Anderson for research on amorphous semi-conductors, Van Vleck for work on the magnetic properties of atoms.
1978
Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson of the United States and Pyotr L. Kapitsa of the Soviet Union share the Nobel Prize for physics, the Americans for their discovery of microwave background, providing support for the big bang theory, and Kapitsa for work in low-temperature physics.
1979
English-American chemist Herbert C. Brown and German George Wittig win the Nobel Prize for chemistry for work on the introduction of compounds of boron and phosphorus in the synthesis of organic substances.
Steven Weinberg and Sheldon Glashow of the United States and Abdus Salam of Pakistan win the Nobel Prize for physics for establishing a link between electromagnetism and the weak force of radioactive decay
Source